Climate change comes as an additional factor affecting a livestock sector that is already highly dynamic and facing many challenges. Important objectives of AnGR management include ensuring that AnGR are effectively deployed to meet these challenges and that the genetic diversity required to adapt production systems to future changes is maintained. Climate change is likely to create a number of problems in many areas of animal husbandry  such as housing, feeding, health care, etc. and threaten the sustainability of many livestock production systems and their associated AnGR. At the same time, many of the specific challenges associated with climate change  such as rising temperature, disruptions to animal feed supplies, disease outbreaks, etc, as well as the general unpredictability of the livestock sector, highlight the importance of retaining diverse genetic options for the future.